8 Common Reasons Why Products Fail: Examples and Causes

When you launch a new product, it can be complex and costly. Product Managers must consider many aspects to make product launches a success – and to avoid product failure.

But why do products fail?

There are often multiple reasons for failure, but here are 8 common reasons:

Lack of understanding of the target market and customer needs. If you don’t know who your product is for and what customers need, your product is unlikely to succeed. For example, the Segway personal transportation device failed because it didn’t solve a real problem for consumers. It was a technology innovation – not a value-innovation for customers. (Read more from Blue Ocean Strategy).
Poor product design and quality. If your product is poorly designed or low quality, it’s unlikely to attract and retain customers. For example, the Google Glass wearable technology failed because it was bulky, expensive, and lacked practical features. It also raised privacy concerns and led to ridicule of its wearers – but it’s not all bad news. (Learn more on Youtube).
Inadequate market research and testing. If you don’t thoroughly research and test your product before launching it, you may miss key insights and opportunities. For example, the $400 Juicero juicing machine failed because consumers found it easier and cheaper to squeeze the juice packets by hand. (Read more on The Guardian).
Misaligned pricing and value. If your product is priced too high or too low, it may not provide the right value to customers. For example, the Amazon Fire Phone failed because it was priced similarly to high-end smartphones, but lacked the same features and app-store capabilities. (Read more on Time).
Difficult to understand or use. If you create something difficult to understand or use, you are increasing your odds of failure. For example, the Google Wave collaboration tool failed because it was difficult to explain and understand, leading to low adoption and usage. The original video to explain this hybrid product-platform-protocol was 80 minutes long… here’s a shorter version explaining Google Wave. (Learn more on Youtube).
Poor product-market fit. If your product doesn’t fit the needs and preferences of your target market, it may struggle to gain traction. For example, the ‘Flights to Nowhere’ service faced wide-spread backlash from customers and environmental groups. (Read more on Insider).
Lack of innovation and differentiation. If your product is similar to existing products and doesn’t offer unique or compelling advantages, it may not stand out and succeed. For example, the BlackBerry PlayBook tablet failed because it was similar to the iPad but lacked the same app ecosystem and intuitive user experience (Read more on Investopedia).
Mismanagement of risks and challenges. If you don’t properly manage and mitigate risks and challenges, your product may encounter unexpected problems and setbacks. For example, the Samsung Galaxy Note 7 smartphone failed because of faulty battery design and manufacturing, leading to fires and recalls (Read more on Wired).